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Description

Description

Pharmacological effects

Tamoxifen is a non-steroidal anti-estrogen agent, like weak estrogenic properties. Its action is based on its ability to block estrogen receptors. Tamoxifen, as well as some of its metabolites with estradiol, compete for sites with cytoplasmic estrogen receptors in tissues of the breast, uterus, vagina, pituitary and tumors with levels elevated estrogen receptors. In contrast, the estrogen receptor-tamoxifen receptor complex will not stimulate DNA synthesis in the nucleus and will inhibit cell division, which leads to tumor cell regression and death.

Dosage schedule

The dosage regimen is usually determined individually based on evidence. The daily dose is 20-40 mg. As a standard dose, the daily intake of 20 mg of incoming long tamoxifen is recommended. If there are signs of a course, cancel the preparation at the reception for the disease.
The tablets should be taken with liquid, small amounts of liquid squeezed all at once in the morning, or by splitting the required dose into two intakes, morning and evening.

side effect

When side effects of tamoxifen are most common, with its anti-estrogenic effects, manifesting as flushing (hot flushes), vaginal bleeding or discharge, genital itching, alopecia, pain in the area lesion, ossalgia, increased body weight to be treated.
Less frequently or rarely observed the following side effects: water retention, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, constipation, fatigue, depression, confusion, headache, dizziness, drowsiness, fever, rash, visual disturbances including corneal changes , cataract, retinopathy and neuritis .
At the start of treatment, there may be local worsening of the disease – an increase in the size of soft tissue structures, sometimes accompanied by severe erythema of the affected areas and surrounding areas – which usually resolves within 2 weeks. It may increase the risk of thrombophlebitis and thromboembolism. Occasionally there may be transient leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, as well as increased liver enzyme levels very rarely accompanied by severe impairment of liver function such as fatty liver, cholestasis and hepatitis.
In some patients with bone metastases observed at the start of treatment for hypercalcaemia.
Tamoxifen causes amenorrhea, or irregular menstruation, in premenopausal women and the reversible development of cystic tumors of the ovary.
With long-term treatment with tamoxifen, you may experience changes in the uterine lining, including hyperplasia, polyps, and in rare cases, endometrial cancer and the development of uterine fibroids.

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